from 73.77, from 98.36 Some of the technologies we use are necessary for critical functions like security and site integrity, account authentication, security and privacy preferences, internal site usage and maintenance data, and to make the site work correctly for browsing and transactions. Its the flag that motivated Puerto Ricans to use black flags as a symbol of resistance and protest in manifestations. Listen on Apple Podcasts. According to Puerto Rican poet Luis Llorns Torres the white cross on it stands for the yearning for homeland redemption; the red squares, the blood poured by the heroes of the rebellion and the white star in the blue solitude square, stands for liberty and freedom. Memes that circulate during the National Puerto Rican Day Parade in New York City every June often poke fun at this admiration; a popular one shows a Puerto Rican man dressed in flags with the caption How did you know I was Puerto Rican? written across the top. The origins of the current flag of Puerto Rico, adopted by the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico in 1952, can be traced to 1868, when the first Puerto Rican flag, "The Revolutionary Flag of Lares", was conceived by Dr. Ramn Emeterio Betances and embroidered by Mariana "Brazos de Oro" Bracetti. It appears to be undisputed that the flag was presented on December 22, 1895 at Chimney Hall in New York by Juan de Mata Terreforte, a veteran of the "Grito de Lares," to a group of 59 Puerto Rican exiles who comprised the Puerto Rican section of the Cuban Revolutionary Party. [Source]. San Juan, 00901, If you dont find any of these topics attractive, then skip this attraction and explore our article featuring the, It was created by Artistas Solidarixs en Resistencia after the Fiscal Control Board created by the, If youre looking for more things to do during your Puerto Rico vacation, I recommend that you check out our article. Norway has not legally challenged the shipping company's position that their flag is older than Puerto Rico's. [26] There were some differences between the original flag of 1892 and the one of 1952 and the meaning of the colors was officially changed. During this time, the group believed in an Antillean Confederation with other Caribbean islands. What does a black-and-white Puerto Rican flag signify? Today, reader support makes up about two-thirds of our budget, allows us to dig deep on stories that matter, and lets us keep our reporting free for everyone. Copyright 2023 Mother Jones and the Foundation for National Progress. The Puerto Rico flag width is 1.5 times the height. Nowadays its common to find Puerto Ricos flag painted in murals, doors, and abandoned buildings. While the Gag Law would eventually be deemed unconstitutional, the insular government found a way to successfully strip the flag of its radical meaning. The current Puerto Rico flag was created in the 19th century by the Puerto Rican section of the Cuban Revolutionary Party in New York. Prior to the adoption of the Puerto Rican flag, athletes from the archipelago competed under both the United States flag and a special white banner containing a variation of the seal and the words "Puerto Rico" present above it. Free Shipping on $75 Or More - Restrictions Apply. The door itself is a mural, and besides taking pictures and admiring it, there isnt anything else to do. What is the purpose of non-series Shimano components? Download 100+ Free Puerto Rican Flag Wallpaper Images & 500,000+ Wallpapers for Free. Participants hold signs with the Puerto Rico's flag painted in black and white as symbol of resistance and civil disobedience during the NYC's 60th annual Puerto Rico Day parade on June 11, 2017 in New York City. Commonwealth of Puerto Rico Caribbean Flag The Cross of Calatrava was first used by the Crusaders of Calatrava and later by the French revolutionists. Turning off the personalized advertising setting wont stop you from seeing Etsy ads or impact Etsy's own personalization technologies, but it may make the ads you see less relevant or more repetitive. What video game is Charlie playing in Poker Face S01E07? Original Price from 179.00 Another political flag is that of the Boricua Popular Army, also known as Los Macheteros an underground pro-independence group which believes and has often resorted to the use of violence. 30.81, 34.23 Or how can we improve it to help you travel better? (25% off), Sale Price from 125.30 Marn has since been credited by some with the flag's design. During the early morning of July 4, 2016 a group of women with the group Artistas Solidarixs y en Resistencia (Artists in Solidarity and Resistance) repainted the door in stark black and white. Free for commercial use High Quality Images [7] The original Lares flag was taken by a Spanish army officer as a war prize. SpanishAmerican War flag: flag of the Batalln Provisional No. In 1952, Governor Luis Muoz Marn and his administration adopted the Puerto Rican flag which was originally designed in 1892, and proclaimed it the official flag of Puerto Rico. Those partners may have their own information theyve collected about you. Participants hold signs with the Puerto Rico's flag painted in black and white as symbol of resistance and civil disobedience during the NYC's 60th annual Puerto Rico Day parade on June 11, 2017 in New York City. Throughout Puerto Rico's political history various parties have designed and displayed flags representing their ideals. Spain's flag once more flew over Puerto Rico with the restoration of the Spanish kingdom in 1874, until 1898 the year that the island became a possession of the United States under the terms of the Treaty of Paris (1898) in the aftermath of the SpanishAmerican War.[12]. In a sense, Melendez-Badillo says, this flag symbolized a future where Puerto Rico would one day become a sovereign nation, free from colonial rule. Show your state pride and loyalty with our state flags from the United States Flag Store. The Black Puerto Rican Flag Door boasts a great history. Can you pitch in a few bucks to help fund Mother Jones' investigative journalism? The Puerto Rican Flag (with the light blue triangle) soon came to symbolize the ideals of the Puerto Rican independence movement.[16]. There are three versions of the origin of the Flag of Puerto Rico. Below is a video with the declaration written by the group of artists that created the black flag door: If youre visiting Old San Juan, then visiting the Black Puerto Rican Flag Door is essential to get that I was here picture for your social media. Just past 2:00 a.m. on July 4, 2016, four women arrived in front of a rustic wooden door in Old San Juan, Puerto Rico. The blue isosceles triangle on the original Puerto Rican flag was celestial blue and it represented the sky and sea. Click on a star to rate (you can leave feedback after clicking submit). restoration of the Spanish kingdom in 1874, Financial Oversight and Management Board for Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico/Did you know-Puerto Rico? The flag is not only a symbol of affirmation, it is used as a symbol of resistance to colonialism, explains Jorell A. Melendez-Badillo, a historian of Latin America and the Caribbean at Dartmouth College. portal, Flags of the World; Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, "Christopher Columbus' Flags 1492 (Spain)", "Familia: Brief History on the Beauchamp Origens", "Lares--municipio de Puerto Rico-datos y fotos-videos", Historia de la Insurreccin de Lares, 1871, "Vida, pasin y muerte de Francisco Gonzalo Marn [Pachn]", "Akelarre: historia y ficcin: Sobre las banderas de Cuba y Puerto Rico", "La obra jurdica del Profesor David M. Helfeld (1948-2008)'; by: Dr. Carmelo Delgado Cintrn, Flag of Puerto Rico by Martn Espada an authority and professor at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, Welcome to Puerto Rico - Flag of Puerto Rico, "No one expected attack on Congress in 1954", "The Puerto Rican Flag On the Statue Of Liberty", "Boricua a Punto de Abordar El Discovery, Acaba llevara bandera de PR" - El Nuevo Dia; By Marcia Dunn, Associated Press, "The Flag of Puerto Rico | District of Puerto Rico", "Global Voices - Puerto Rico's flag Is black and in 'mourning' over US-imposed oversight board", "How a change of color for the Puerto Rican flag became a symbol of resistance", "Dette flagget skapte diplomatiske bruduljar", Regulations on the Use of the Puerto Rico flag. The revolt, which was the second and last major attempt against the Spaniards in the island, was the first time that the flag of Puerto Rico was used on Puerto Rican soil.[21][22]. The three red stripes represent the blood from the brave warriors. Known as the Grito de Lares (the "Cry of Lares"), the rebellion broke out on September 23, 1868. Pfp Ideas For Star Wars Wallpaper. Want to know more? One of the pivotal people in the artistic spheres J John Valentine Afro Boricua Mocha Diaspora Ancestral Black History Latina Puerto Rico Afro Roots Celebration Africa y Puerto Rico K Some of the flags which have at one time or another flown over Puerto Rican soil prior to Puerto Rico becoming a United States Territory: Flag of Province of Puerto Rico (18731898), Lares revolutionary flag of 1868, (Original: 19th century. This showed the political affiliation between both countries revolutionaries. A transcription of said document is currently available at www.valerosos.com. of 17 72 Best Places To Take Pictures In Puerto Rico. The three main political parties of Puerto Rico are the New Progressive Party, which favors statehood and whose flag has what might resemble a blue palm tree inside a round cornered square in the middle with a white background; the Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico, flag has a red image of what is supposed to resemble a Puerto Rican jbaro (farmer) in the middle with a white background; and the Puerto Rican Independence Party, whose flag has a white cross symbolizing Christianity and purity, on a green background which symbolizes hope. Please correct item description for future customer's since you do not accept returns per your description. Your email address will not be published. Para devolver el color pic.twitter.com/jufOKvvFVw. Political flags in Puerto Rico are usually displayed in public during rallies, meetings, or parades in show of political strength and unity. The black background symbolized the mourning of the Puerto Rican Nation in colonial captivity. Why are physically impossible and logically impossible concepts considered separate in terms of probability? Where is the door with the Puerto Rican flag located? To enable personalized advertising (like interest-based ads), we may share your data with our marketing and advertising partners using cookies and other technologies. Historia de la Insurreccin de Lares, 1871.   France   |   English (US)   |   (EUR), remembering account, browser, and regional preferences, remembering privacy and security settings, personalized search, content, and recommendations, helping sellers understand their audience, showing relevant, targeted ads on and off Etsy, remember your login, general, and regional preferences, personalize content, search, recommendations, and offers. "Latin America's Wars Volume I: The Age of the Caudillo, 1791-1899"; by Robert L. Scheina; Pg. But, other sources state Antonio Velez Alvarado created a prototype of the flag first, and Jos Mart, a Cuban journalist and poet, wrote about it in the newspaper Patria. Initially, a group of artists painted the flag in 2012 with its original colors, red, white, and blue. PUERTO RICO FLAG STICKER CAR DECAL PUERTO RICAN DECAL BORICUA BANDERA BAY-34A (#203044295178) n***n (74) Past month. Their ancestors are the Central American Indians and the Arawak Indians of South America, [13] Part 1 T-Shirt by Wurmart $22 BlackFlag T-Shirt by Ariel.24 $22 Beautiful Black Flag T-Shirt by soksen $22 AMERICAN HARDCORE T-Shirt by drow_easy $22 Back Hurts T-Shirt by StayTruePonyboy $22 Black Cats - Black Flag parody T-Shirt by Vortexspace $22 Bred Art T-Shirt by BRed_BT $22 Kartana With Origami Pokemon Black Background Wallpaper. Passed by the US Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama, the act was promoted as a way to manage Puerto Rico's more than . Up to this date, Hector has painted 75 flags. Monica Velez, born in Guaynabo, Puerto Rico, said she was brought to tears seeing the Puerto Rican flag worn by a woman who looked like her on the Olympic stage. Before you go, check out these amazing things to do in Puerto Rico, including some perfect spots to take a picture with the flag of Puerto Rico. that it was Lola Rodrguez de Ti who suggested that Puerto Ricans use the Cuban flag with its colors reversed as the model for their own standard. Flag Specifications. Murals of it can be seen on the streets of Chicago. According to Puerto Rican poet Luis Llorns Torres the white cross on it stands for the yearning for homeland redemption; the red squares, the blood poured by the heroes of the rebellion and the white star in the blue solitude square, stands for liberty and freedom. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. (If there was so widespread opposition to PROMESA, why was the, @smci maybe that would be a good question in itself, Dang, we wrote basically the same answer :P. +1, How a Change of Color for the Puerto Rican Flag Became a Symbol of Resistance. Read our Cookie Policy. Each part of this flag has its own meaning. We gave young people who dont identify at all with any political party and who dont see a bright future for Puerto Rico a symbol of hope, one of the La Puerta artists, who asked to remain anonymous, told me. This page was last edited on 16 January 2023, at 14:31. The black background symbolized the mourning of the Puerto Rican Nation in colonial captivity. . The original design of the Puerto Rican flag. [33] On November 5, 2000, Alberto De Jesus Mercado, better known as Tito Kayak, and five other Vieques activists stepped onto the top deck of the Statue of Liberty in New York City, then placed a Puerto Rican flag, with the triangle darker than the light-blue version[34] on the statue's crown, reenacting an earlier protest in the 1970s asking for the release of Puerto Rican prisoners, this time in protest of the United States Navy usage of the island of Vieques as a bombing range. Jael saw NCT 127 in THE RIVERLANDS on Twitter: "@BandzRB @clcbarbies . 5.26, 5.85 In 1932, the Nationalist Party used the flag as its emblem during the elections and in their parades. Changing the colors meant the death of democratic values and the three government branches, the Legislative Branch, the Executive Branch, and the Judicial Branch, represented in the flags triangle. Price and other details may vary based on product size and color. mourning and resistance The famous door in Old San Juan now has the Puerto Rican flag painted in black and white, as a sign of mourning and resistance. from 51.16, from 111.22 (30% off), Sale Price from 37.47 A door at 55 Calle San Jos, painted with a mural depicting the traditional red, white, and blue Puerto Rican flag, had become a familiar image of Old San Juan. 5282, August 3, 1995, The Flag of The Jatibonicu Tano Tribal Nation, Academic Study on blue triangle in Puerto Rico flag, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Puerto_Rico&oldid=1135467053, Five equal horizontal bands of red (top and bottom) alternating with white; blue equilateral triangle based on the hoist side bears a large, white, five-pointed star in the center. The black Puerto Rican flag door is a popular Old San Juan attraction. The three red stripes represent the blood from the brave warriors. Discover more about the small businesses partnering with Amazon and Amazons commitment to empowering them. The single star inside the triangle represented the freedom and the ideal of Puerto Rican independence. Most of the political parties in Puerto Rico also have their own flags, which represent and symbolize the political ideals of its members. However, various sports associations have adopted flags which are also used during sports events. Today, many Puerto Ricans feel suffocated by the islands social and economic crisis. Download Puerto Rico Baseball with Flag Sublimation DTF Tumbler Mug (2468872) instantly now! The most commonly used flags of Puerto Rico are the current flag, which represents the people of the commonwealth of Puerto Rico; municipal flags, which represent the 78 municipalities of the archipelago; political flags, which represent the different political beliefs of the people; and sports flags, which identify Puerto Rico as the country represented by its athletics during competitions. Puerto Rico Flag T-Shirts & T-Shirt Designs | Zazzle Shop by Category NEW! After the island was conquered and colonized, the flag of Spain was used in Puerto Rico, same as it was used in all of its other colonies. While Puerto Rico would indeed break free from Spanish rule, its independence would never materialize. The flag had the same design as the Cuban flag with inverted colors. It only takes a minute to sign up. The flag of Puerto Rico was designed based on the Cuban flag with inverted colors by the Puerto Rican Revolutionary Committee during the 19th century. Learn more. The present-day meaning came to be in 1952. It's a resistance flag. The Puerto Rico flag features five equally-sized, horizontal alternating stripes, three red and two white. What does the black flag in Puerto Rico mean? Original Price 49.18 In a letter written by Maria Manuela (Mima) Besosa, the daughter of the Puerto Rican Revolutionary Committee member Manuel Besosa, she stated that she sewed the flag. from 7.90, from 17.55 This created a belief that her father could have been its designer. [Source], In 1895, the Puerto Rico Revolutionary Committee called Club Borinquen composed of revolutionary Puerto Rican exiles in New York adopted a new flag. We're a nonprofit (so it's tax-deductible), and reader support makes up about two-thirds of our budget. The most modern version of the Puerto Rico flag has a navy blue triangle, and it was changed after Puerto Rico became a Commonwealth of the United States. The color of the triangle that was used by the administration of Luis Muoz Marn was the dark blue, to match the blue of the United States flag. Take full advantage of our site features by enabling JavaScript. de Carreras, had invited Jos Mart as a guest. @tattoojuan via Instagram - Love this design? Under this new law it would be a crime to print, publish, sell, or exhibit any material intended to paralyze or destroy the insular government; or to organize any society, group or assembly of people with a similar destructive intent. puerto rico , san juan Parker Diakite Feb 13, 2019 As the world commemorates 400 years since millions of people were forced to migrate to the Western Hemisphere in the horror known as the Transatlantic Slave Trade, the assumption is that most slaves taken were sent to North America. Nm. [6] The conquistadores under the command of Juan Ponce de Len proceeded to conquer and settle the island. In 1510, de Len accused the Puerto Rican translator Alonso Carlo of planning an assassination on de Len, and ordered him to be executed . [9] The flag was divided in the middle by a white Latin cross, the two lower corners were red and the two upper corners were blue with a white star in the upper left blue corner. What is the black Puerto Rican flag mean? Melendez-Badillo thinks the flag will continue to have a special currency. Black Puerto Rico Flag Durag. Nothing newjust par for the course. Subscribe today and get a full year of Mother Jones for just $14.95. [24] This bill, which resembled the anti-communist Smith Act passed in the United States in 1940, was enacted under the name Ley de la Mordaza (Gag Law) on June 10, 1948, when signed by the U.S.-appointed governor of Puerto Rico, Jess T. The first flag mural was painted as part of the project Grabadores por Grabadores (Engravers for Engravers) back in 2012. Travelers will notice two Puerto Rico flags with different tones of blue on the triangle. The Board has been criticized by many sectors as an act of colonialism. These flags represent and symbolize Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rican people. Now that you know the importance of the Puerto Rico flag for Puerto Ricans! [10], Many of the municipal flags of Puerto Rico pay tribute to the Cacques of the Tano tribes (the native Puerto Rican tribe) who ruled the island before the arrival of the Spaniards and who were the rulers of the land where the town now stands. puerto rican flag on pole 1,012 Puerto Rican Flag Premium High Res Photos Browse 1,012 puerto rican flag stock photos and images available, or search for puerto rican flag on pole to find more great stock photos and pictures. Required fields are marked *. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Take full advantage of our site features by enabling JavaScript. Photo: Jorge Muniz. [4] The flag was divided in the middle by a white Latin cross, the two lower corners were red and the two upper corners were blue with a white star in the upper left blue corner. puerto rican flag on pole Sort by: Most popular Puerto Rico Vector of nice Puerto Rican flag. From December 10, 1898 (the date of the annexation of Puerto Rico by the United States) up until 1952, it was considered a felony to display the Puerto Rican flag in public; the only flag permitted to be flown on the island was the flag of the United States. Subscribe to the Mother Jones Daily to have our top stories delivered directly to your inbox. It's a resistance flag. This flag flew wherever there was a Spanish military installation. The introduction of a flag in Puerto Rico can be traced to when Christopher Columbus landed on the island's shore and with the flag appointed to him by the Spanish Crown claimed the island, which he named "San Juan Bautista", in the name of Spain. Browse 1,023 puerto rican flag stock illustrations and vector graphics available royalty-free, or search for puerto rican flag on pole to find more great stock images and vector art. Is there any particular significance to the B&W version? It was created by Artistas Solidarixs en Resistencia after the Fiscal Control Board created by the PROMESA law was imposed in Puerto Rico. The black Puerto Rican flag door was painted on July 4th, 2016 by Artistas Solidarixs en Resistencia, as a protest against the PROMESA law, which established a Fiscal Control Board in Puerto Rico. When she's not writing, shes hunting airplane tickets for her next trip. The following are historical flags related to Puerto Rico: Each of the municipalities of Puerto Rico, including the islands of Culebra and Vieques, have adopted a flag which represents the region and its people. What does the black flag in Puerto Rico mean? It had the same design as the Cuban flag, but with the colors inverted. Before July 2016, the flag door had the original colors of the Puerto Rico flag. 151 Calle de San Francisco But, you could also find the Cross of Burgundy Flag wherever there was a Spanish military base. To the left of the flag is a light blue triangle that houses one white five-pointed star. For the Nozomi from Shinagawa to Osaka, say on a Saturday afternoon, would tickets/seats typically be available - or would you need to book? [Source]. ("Long live a Free Puerto Rico!") The blue represents the sky and blue coastal waters. Writer at PuertoRico.com. Turning off personalized advertising opts you out of these sales. Learn more in our Privacy Policy., Help Center, and Cookies & Similar Technologies Policy. What does a black-and-white Puerto Rican flag signify? The Puerto Rican Nationalist Party flag has a white Calatrava Cross, also known as the Cross potent on the middle of a black background. from 125.30, from 179.00 Maite H. Mateo/VIEWpress/Corbis via Getty Images). The personification of the slight creases in the Puerto Rican flag further adds a realistic touch to this amazing piece . Many years later it was returned and transferred to the Puerto Rican people. Cookies and similar technologies are used to improve your experience, to do things like: Without these technologies, things like personalized recommendations, your account preferences, or localisation may not work correctly. The rebel group had the goal to reach independence from Spain and declare a Republican government. The red stripes represent the spilled blood of the patriots fighting during the revolution. Puerto Rico Black Flag - 3x5ft Poly - Perfect for Homes, Events, parades, Protests, etc! [14] Founded in 2003, the flag of the Puerto Ricans for Puerto Rico Party has a light brown colored "coqui" as its symbol with the words "Por Puerto Rico" (For Puerto Rico) in the middle. Arecibo, Domes Beach, and Survival Beach are some of the popular beaches in Puerto Rico where you can find it. What does the black and white Puerto Rico flag mean? $180 of design goods for JUST $1 . It was the United States Independence Day, but the artists were in no mood to celebrate. The four women, who are part of an anonymous artist collective that came to be known as La Puerta, identified with a movement calling for Puerto Ricos independence from the United States. If you value what you get from Mother Jones, please join us with a tax-deductible donation today so we can keep on doing the type of journalism 2023 demands. The black Puerto Rico flag was born during the protests against the PROMESA law that established a Financial Oversight and Management Board for Puerto Rico imposed by the United States. What is this flag with a red 6-pointed star in a red crescent on white ground? But the women felt the door needed an update. Inexpensive, too! The flag also keeps its original meaning, with the red representing the blood spilled by the brave warriors of the rebellion, and the white start combined with the blue standing for freedom. Original Price 5.85 You can support us by purchasing via the affiliate links on this page, which may earn us commissions. They come to represent a potential future that has not been attained.. Hector Collazo is a Puerto Rican artist that created the project 78 Pueblos: 1 Bandera, intending to paint the flag of Puerto Rico in every single one of the municipalities. . The four women, who are part of an anonymous artist collective that came to be known as La Puerta, identified with a movement calling for Puerto Ricos independence from the United States. We had a military based government till 1952, when we elected or First Governor Hon. But, the original color of the triangle in the flag is celestial/sky blue. [10] The "Revolutionary Flag of Lares" was used in the short-lived rebellion against Spain in what became known as El Grito de Lares (The Cry of Lares). During the ceremony Regimental Chaplain Daniel Wilson stated the following:[31][32], "Grant us Thy Peace and Power," the chaplain prayed for, "in this conflict against aggression and tyranny. Up to 1952, Puerto Rico didnt have an official flag. Why did they paint the famous flag door black and white? Home / Black Puerto Rico Flag Durag. If youre looking for more things to do during your Puerto Rico vacation, I recommend that you check out our article 45 Best Things To Do In Puerto Rico. (30% off), Sale Price from 7.90 Gen. Robert M. Bathurst, September 5, 1952." Learn how your comment data is processed. Sale Price 5.26 In the case of Lares, in 1952, the town Municipal Assembly adopted the "Revolutionary Flag of Lares" as their official flag. Disclosure: Travel Lemming is an independent reader-supported blog. It was used in 2016 as a symbol of protesting the USs passing of PROMESA, a law making a board control parts of the islands economy and having unpopular measures such as decreasing the minimum wage by three dollars. The 22nd of December is the day of La Bandera de Puerto Rico or the day of the Flag of Puerto Rico. Etsy is powered by 100% renewable electricity. Amazon.com: black and white puerto rico flag 1-48 of 432 results for "black and white puerto rico flag" RESULTS Price and other details may vary based on product size and color. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. (20% off), Sale Price from 30.55 A comic-like portrait with the inclusion of the national flower, resulting in an extremely cool outcome. Original Price 34.23 In stock for immediate shipment. Etsy uses cookies and similar technologies to give you a better experience, enabling things like: Detailed information can be found in Etsys Cookies & Similar Technologies Policy and our Privacy Policy. The demonstration quickly turned violent. May this act serve as an invitation to reflect and to take action upon the collapse of the educational and health systems, the privatization and destruction of our natural resources, our colonial status, the outrage against our future workforce, the payment of an illegitimate debt, the imposition of a non-democratic government, the strangulation of cultural efforts among other things. worcester obituaries today, can i have chickens in boone county ky, new milford public schools superintendent,
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