The value of qM-H varies from one sample to another one, because it is a function of a and the average molecular weights (Mv, Mw). The important role of thermodynamic interaction parameter in the determination of theta temperature, dextran/water system. Bahary, W.S. Part of (1937). They concluded that a power law behavior seems to be approached only in the small molecular weight region. Therefore, the trend of "a" and kM-H decreases with T, where the presence of ethylene glycol or dimethylsulfoxide strongly changes the interactions of this solvent with the macromolecule. (2003). Carbohydrate Polymers, 36, 319-326. The skin culture medium was purchased from Biopredic International (Saint-Grgoire, France). Bohdanecky, Miloslav (1996). and transmitted securely. Santoro MM, Gaudino G. Cellular and molecular facets of keratinocyte reepithelization during. FITC-dextran molecular weights; 4, 10, and 20kDa molecular weight were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). The same way, many of these authors emphasize the non-linear or hyperbranched of dextran molecular weight range from 9 to 2000kDa [3,5,8,16, 37,38]. (2013). (2006). Kloster, C.; Bica C.; Rochas C.; Samios, D.; Geissler, E. (2000). Macromolecules, 33, 5730-5739. (1954). The dextran was chosen as another branched polysaccharide which, like the others was suspected to show hyperbranched behavior. par | Juil 2, 2022 | mitchell wesley carlson charged | justin strauss net worth | Juil 2, 2022 | mitchell wesley carlson charged | justin strauss net worth Many works are aimed at determining molecular weights [1, 7, 26], hydrodynamic radius, among other parameters for characterizing the physics and chemistry properties of dextran in solution. A sugar cane native dextran as an innovative functional excipient for the development of pharmaceutical tablets. Herwadkar A, Banga AK. The qM-H values given by equation 13, these vary from 0.9993 to 0.9841 for the range between 8.8 to 200kDa in a temperature range of 20 to 40C. European Polymer Journal, 37, 619-622. The results are shown to be in good agreement with available hydrodynamic models for spherical solutes in cylindrical pores with the effective solute to pore size ratio evaluated using a partitioning model which implicitly Multiple Linear Least-Squares Fits with a Common Intercept: Determination of the Intrinsic Viscosity of Macromolecules in Solution. Materiaux 1-5. The biological activity of cationic liposomes in drug delivery and toxicity test in animal models. 8. For a values from 0-0.5 a rigid sphere is predicted in a ideal solvent, from 0.5-0.8 a random coil in good solvent, and from 0.8-2 a rigid or rod like shape is expected (stiff chain). To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. 151-166. Format), Citation-(BibTeX The equation 4 can be rearranged and resulted in a modified M-H equation as follows: where the value qM-H is the polydispersity correction factor, and it is a statistical function of the molecular weight distribution. 2022 Feb 22;16(2):1999-2012. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07010. RBECs were passaged onto cell culture inserts as described and cultured for a further 714 days in vitro. The explanation for the anomalous values of a and kM-H is because the mixture solute-solvent is highly compatible due a great compaction of biopolymer, from undisturbed state in the absence of interactions, where free energy of mixing less than zero, and emphasize the nature non-linear or hyperbranched of dextran for Mw high to 200kDa. For rigid macromolecules, it is also conventional to combine a solution property with the volume of the particle itself, or with a quantity directly derived from it [54, 55, 56]. The fast increasing of these polyglucosans for medical, industrial and research purposes motivated a survey of the types obtainable. where c is the solute concentration (g/cm3), [] is the intrinsic viscosity (cm3/g), and kH represents Huggins constants (cm3/g). All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Middelkoop E, Bogaerdt AJ, Lamme EN, Hoekstra MJ, Brandsma K, Ulrich MMW. Charge: Anionic. High Manufacturing Standards of Molecular Probes Dextrans. The Mark-Houwink parameters indicate the dependence with temperature (T) in the range from 20 to 50C, ie with increasing T a increases and kM-H decreases. GYA primarily conducted research. The analysis of errors using the Solomon-Ciuta method is compared with HM [59]. Although, in literature there is much information on hydrodynamic measurements from determinations viscosity; very few of them evaluate the situation at different temperatures. Optical properties of dextran in solution and in films. WebThe Stokes radius or StokesEinstein radius of a solute is the radius of a hard sphere that diffuses at the same rate as that solute. Nordmeier, Eckliard (1993). In vitro studies with human cadaver skin is a viable, ethical, and economical alternative for in vivo animal studies. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 41, 1260-1267. It is a measure of the width of molecular weight distributions (MWD) as well as probability of molecular weight distribution curve (GPC). International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 277, 99-104. Antoniou, E.; Buitrago, C. F.; Tsianou, M.; Alexandridis, P. (2010). De Belder, A. N. (2001). The effectiveness of the RF microporation technique in transdermal drug delivery of macromolecules and hydrophilic agents such as peptides, hormones, and vaccines has been demonstrated extensively in previous studies [16,17,18]. To improve drug permeability, micropore ablation using RF is performed by passing an alternating electrical current through the skin at a frequency higher than 100kHz. ; Prasad, D.H.L. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. Kasaai, Mohammad R. (2007). Transdermal delivery is of great importance for the effective delivery of bioactive or therapeutic agents into a body. Webdextran hydrodynamic radius. Drug deliv. Actually, everything depends on solvent you want to use and temperature. If you want to know gyration (Rg)or hydrodynamic (Rh) radius, you should WebFluorescent and biotinylated dextrans are routinely employed to trace neuronal projections. Curley SA. The hydrodynamic radius R h, defined as the radius of a hard sphere that diffuses at the same rate as the solute, takes these effects into account. These studies on Mark-Houwink parameters are usually carried out at a given temperature, obtaining a consistent result but in a very limited temperature range [68]. Kim J, Jang JH, Lee JH, Choi JK, Park WR, Bae IH, Bae J, Park JW. In order to confirm the molecular weight the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) for standard dextrans is used in a range of molecular weights from 8.8 to 2000kDa and these correspond to the following equation. Soc., 21, 1, 78-86. Chem. The micropores were developed on pig skin and human cadaver skin with dermal and epidermal layers by the microporation device. Viscosity, sedimentation, and light-scattering properties of fraction of an acidhydrolyzed dextran. 2019;26(1):25261. B 113, 8020-8025. (2003). WebFluorescein isothiocyanatedextran average mol wt 60,000-76,000; CAS Number: 60842-46-8; Synonyms: FITCDextran; find Sigma-Aldrich-FD70S MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich Dextran molecular size and degree of branching as a function of sucrose concentration, pH, and temperature of reaction of. In vivo iontophoretic delivery of salmon calcitonin across microporated skin. The regeneration of micropores in the human cadaver skin caused by microporation was confirmed using an optical microscope and haematoxylin/eosin (H&E) staining. Dextran (DX) is one type of EPS synthesized by LAB in the presence of sucrose (R g), radius of hydrodynamic (R h), polymer conformation parameter ( = R g /R h), intrinsic viscosity ([]), Mark-Houwink coefficient () and branching degree of DXs of RPYs prepared under different conditions. Carbohydrate Polymers 88 373-381. After 24h the micropores were either closed or reduced further to smaller sizes, 37.5020.41, 50.5718.07, and 58.5814.99m, for 2, 5, and 10 times microporation, respectively. WebThis value is sensible given that i j = 0 and that the search radius of the clustering algorithm is slightly larger than the average segment length of our Dextran model (b 5.5 nm). WebIn this regard, we chose as crowding agents a number of polymers with hydrodynamic dimensions comparable to those of iRFP713 in different structural states: polyethylene glycol8,000(PEG-8000)withaneffectivehydrodynamicradiusof24.5 1.9(Devanand & Selser, 1991), Dextran-40 and Dextran-70 with hydrodynamic radius of 44.550 and 5864 , The most widely applied coatings for FDA-approved SPIONs are dextran and carboxydextran. Each microporated sample was incubated in the skin culture medium. Singh TRR, Garland MJ, Cassidy CM, Migalska K, Demir YK, Ryan SAE, Woolfson D, Donnelly RF. European Polymer Journal, 43, 1744-1753. Mark-Houwink-Kuhn-Sakurada Exponent at the Condition. ; Tsuchiya, H.M.; Rist, C.E. Based on these results a difference of approximately 1015% between the amounts of drugs permeated through the human skin and pig skin models should be considered during human clinical trials. Accessibility The Mark-Houwink. Chen Rong Huei; Min Lang Tsai (1998). Eremeeva, T. E.; Bykova, T. O. (more or less, with a hydrodynamic radius of less than 100 nm) to cross from the vasculature into the interstitium. Radiofrequency with microneedling. Journal of American Chemical Society, 76 (20), 5041-5052. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 38, 2591-2598. Lpez Martnez, M. C.; Daz Baos, F. G.; Ortega Retuerta, A.; Garca de , J. Dependence on Concentration. A solvent at this temperature is called a theta solvent [53]. FITC-dextran solution was prepared at 1mM in PBS. Kuge Takashi; Kimie Kobayashi; Shinichi Kitamura; Hiroshi Tanahashi. Chapter 2.1.4 Suspended level viscometers for transparent liquid, Ubbelohde Viscometer page 28-31. Conversely, fluorescein sodium was the compound selected to model hydrophilic, low MW drugs. ; Picout, D.R. However, considering the trauma and unethical practices associated with animal experiments, in vitro studies with human cadaver skin offers an ethical and viable alternative. Schematic illustration of transdermal delivery after the application of the microporation device. WebThe hydrodynamic radius ( Rh) determined by our Fluidity instruments is the Stokes radius, or the size of a hard spherical particle that diffuses at the same rate as the protein (s) detected. Carbohydrate Polymers, 79, 380-390. Kasaai, M. R.; Arul, J.; Charlet, G. (2000). The relation between Mw and the intrinsic viscosity is given by Mark-Houwink equation. 2018;1:10915. Although, intrinsic viscosity is a molecular parameter that can be interpreted in terms of molecular conformation, it does not offer as high resolution on molecular structure as other methods such as Light Scattering, Circular Dichroism, Sedimentation Velocity, Sedimentation Equilibrium, Size Exclusion Chromatography Coupled to Multi-Angle Laser Light Scattering (SEC-MALLS), High-performance Size Exclusion Chromatography (HPSEC), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), NMR, X-rays, etc. Mitragotri S. Mechanical disruption of skin barrier for vaccine delivery. WebThe invention relates to novel fluorescent dyes with multiple negatively charged groups in their ionized form which are 9-aminoacridines or 1-aminopyrene shaving of one of the fol SWC designed and coordinated the research. We believe that the microporation device can be used as a potential technique for effective transdermal drug delivery. Ionic Polymers Based on Dextran: Hydrodynamic Properties in Aqueous Solution and Solvent Mixtures. Table 1 shows some values of dextrans Mark-Houwink parameters, from literature consulted, where all data are based on the logarithmic plot of intrinsic viscosity [] and molecular weight Mw. The human skins were from the back or thigh of a 24-year-old woman. The temperature increment can induce a macromolecule compaction (decreases in RH and []), generating by this way, a greater difficult to flowing due at requires an increase of energy consumption (Eavf<). Elias, Hans-Georg (1975). WebThomas Gutberlet works at Jlich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-2), Forsch and is well known for Lipoteichoic Acid, Neutron Reflectometry and Neutron Reflectivity. Dilute Solution. Ubbelohde, Leo. Granath, K. A. Each skin pores was captured using a microscope and the obtained images were analyzed using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA). Viscotek GmbH, Europe. The skins were from the abdomen of a 39-year-old caucasian woman (BMI: 24). Coviello, T.; Matricardi, P.; Marianecci, C.; Alhaique, F. (2007). The Hydrodynamic Radii of Macromolecules and Their Effect on Red Blood Cell Aggregation. Recent developments in polysaccharide-based materials used as adsorbents in wastewater treatment. Carbohydr Polym. Molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and molecular size of a native dextran. Dextran Triple Detector Application Note 1, Viscotek GmbH, USA. Figure1 shows a schematic illustration of transdermal delivery after the application of the microporation device. By using this website, you agree to our MeSH terms Sachdeva V, Banga AK. ; Yevlampieva N.P. Effect of temperature on the intrinsic viscosity and conformation of chitosan in dilute HCl solution. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Dextran standards with sequence molecular weight from 8.8, 40, 71.9, 110, 200, 580 and 2000 kDa were utilized for the plot of calibration curve. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 23, 135-141. California Privacy Statement, Carbohydrate Research, 340, 811-826. This device can generate microchannels from the SC through to the outer dermis and allow transdermal delivery of active agents. The genus Weissella: taxonomy, ecology and biotechnological potential. Unperturbed dimensions and theta temperature of dextran in aqueous solutions. Carbohydrate Polymers, 78, 902-907. WebFITC Products. Theory, Estimation, Experiment, and Data. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. (1990). ; Talsma, H.; Hennink, W.E. The value of Mv is different from Mn, Mw, and Mz in a polydisperse polymer sample [38, 60, 61, 62]. Teixeira CG, Fusieger A, Milio GL, Martins E, Drider D, Nero LA, de Carvalho AF. Advances in Cosmetic Surgery. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Drug Discov Today Technol. The intrinsic viscosity can be easily calculated by the Solomon-Ciuta single-point equation [44, 45]. DLS tests were conducted at detection angle of 90 (standard) and 173 (backscatter) to measure protein hydrodynamic radius, while protein charge was examined in phase analysis light scattering (PALS) mode at detection angle of 15 (forward). where (poise) is the viscosity, the (g/cm3) fluid density, and t the liquid draining time (s) subscript zero is referred to solvent, and without subscript is referred to the solution [40], and inherent viscosity is i = r -1. Trop J Pharm Res. Intrinsic viscosities of polyelectrolytes in the absence and in the presence of extra salt: Consequences of the stepwise conversion of dextran into a polycation. One day before the experiment, the skin was stabilized in the skin culture medium. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Keywords: intrinsic viscosity, dextrans, Mark-Houwink parameters, hydrodynamic, temperature, Journal of Polymer and Biopolymer Physics Chemistry, 2013 1 (1), For a rigid or rod like polymer molecule that is greatly extended in solution, the Mark-Houwink a constant approaches to a value of 2.0 [48].The hydrodynamic radius (RH), for a sphere ((a/b) = 2.5) is given by the Einstein relation [49]. Search Curvale, R.; Masuelli, M.; Perez Padilla, A. The M-H equation is empirical and valid for monodisperse polymers, and it is applied to biomacromolecules (complex, hyperbranched, crosslink), taking the precaution of comparing the value of Mv with the polydispersity index (qM-H). If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Bahary, W. S.; Hogan, M. P.; Jilani, M.; Aronson, M. P. (1995). Pamis, R.; Hernndez Cifre, J. G.; Lpez Martnez, M.C. Drug Deliv. Challenges for the modern analytical ultracentrifuge analysis of polysaccharides. J. Braz. A few percent of R (13) glucosidic linkages provides side chains which appear to be short. Typically, the hydrodynamic diameter of the micelles is about 100 nm and the critical micelle concentration is about 10 mg/L. For Research Use Only. This result could reflect the presence of some aggregated species within the lysozyme sample solution. Transdermal drug delivery: overcoming the skins barrier function. These results could be attributed to the differences in the in vivo and in vitro skin nutrients supply; with in vivo studies, the skin tissue is supplied nutrients directly from the blood vessels, but the human cadaver skin is supplied from the media, therefore, the skin tissue regeneration efficiency is low [26,27,28]. Human cadaver skins (fresh human full-thickness skin disc, 12~20mm) were supplied by Biopredic International (Saint-Grgoire, France). Monosaccharide analysis revealed that the polysaccharide comprised only glucose units. Polyelectrolytes as secondary calibration standards for aqueous SEC. Journal of Physical Chemistry. Enhanced topical delivery of small hydrophilic or lipophilic active agents and epidermal growth factor by fractional radiofrequency microporation. In summary, we demonstrated effective enhancement of skin permeability and delivery of macromolecules lower than 20KM.W., and regeneration of human cadaver skin after microporation with an RF-based microporation device. Sci. For simplicity, macromolecules are treated as rigid molecules for a hydrodynamic study. Journal of Controlled Release, 119, 5-24. Cite this article. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Epub 2021 Feb 9. 1984;17(6):11703. WebThe invention relates to novel fluorescent dyes with multiple negatively charged groups in their ionized form which are 9-aminoacridines or 1-aminopyrene shaving of one of the fol Harding, Stephen E. (1997). The correct way to interpret what Mark-Houwink parameters is determined graphically ln [] versus ln Mw, where Mw is the molecular weight provided by manufacturer, and calculate the percentage relative error (%RE) respect to Mw. Kumar SV, Tarun P, Kumar TA. In a good solvent, which shows a zero or negative heat of mixing with the polymer, the molecule is less-extended, and the intrinsic viscosity is high. The dextran used is from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512F which is essentially a linear -(1-6)-linked glucose chain with however a low percentage (2-5%) of -(1-3) branches distributed along the chain4. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Kirkland, J. J.; Dilks, C. H.; Rementer, S. W. (1992). Gums and stabilisers for the Food Industry, 5, 447-450. On single point determination of intrinsic viscosity. The molecular weight of dextran samples can be obtained by a variety of methods including light scattering, HPLC/SEC, sedimentation, osmometry and end-group analysis. In fact, short chains do contain minor branching points. Transdermal delivery of FITC-Dextrans with different molecular weights using radiofrequency microporation. FITC-derivatives have been used for a variety of biological applications for more than 40 yeras. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. ; Ross-Murphy, S.B. Table 2 shows that comparing the intrinsic viscosity data obtained from the Huggins method and the Solomon-Ciuta single-point method, a similar values are obtained and the %RE is lower for low Mw and it increases for higher Mw. Ann Surg Oncol. In the case of the work performed in references [34, 35, 36] they studied using the number average molecular weight, which rearranges the value of a and forces it to enter into unbranched or linear molecules, on the other hand, if molecular weights are used the value would be less than 0.5. Journal of Chemical Education, 49(8), 577-579. Molecular weight, particle size and diffusion coefficient can be determined in many studies by Dynamic Light Scattering [20, 21, 22], Gel Permeation Chromatography [23], Analytical Ultracentrifuge [24, intrinsic viscosity [1, 7, 14], size exclusion chromatography / multiangle laser light scattering / differential viscometry, Flow Field-Flow Fractionation [25], and so on. eCollection 2015. Privacy Biomater Res 24, 22 (2020). Ghimici, Luminita; Nichifor, Marieta; Wolf, Bernhard (2009). @ Nilimesh See attached. 2012;29(7):201729. The Intrinsic Viscosity of Biological Macromolecules. The fact that the intrinsic viscosity of a given polymer sample is different according to the solvent used gives and insight about the general shape of polymer molecules in solution. Biophysical Journal, 87, 4259-4270. Cookies policy. Challenges in analysis of high-molar mass dextrans: Comparison of HPSEC, AsFlFFF and DOSY NMR spectroscopy. In Vitro Evaluation of Postbiotics Produced from Bacterial Isolates Obtained from Rainbow Trout and Nile Tilapia against the Pathogens, Dextran-Mimetic Quantum Dots for Multimodal Macrophage Imaging, Isolation of lactic acid bacteria starters from, Characterization of Antibacterial Cell-Free Supernatant from Oral Care Probiotic. The (a/b) value is 2.5 which confirms that dextran in aqueous solution is a biopolymer with a spherical conformation for an Mw range from 8.8 to 200kDa, and with tendency to compaction with increasing temperature (RH decreases). Carbohydrate Polymers, 38, 267-271. GPC Symp. For a sphere and a random coil 0 the values are 9.23x1023 mol-1 and 2.60x 1023mol-1, respectively. Morris, G.A. 2009;8(2):1739. WebDextran displays excellent biocompatibility and have been used clinically for over 50 years. This is because the macromolecule hydrodynamic radius changes the solution type and temperature via change in their chain exibility. Global hydrodynamic analysis of the molecular flexibility of galactomannans. Hrabchak C, Flynn L, Woodhouse KA. A long-chain polymer molecule in solution takes on a somewhat kinked or curled shape, intermediate between a tightly curled mass (coil) and a rigid linear configuration. Gold MH, Biron JA. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Changes in the Mark-Houwink hydrodynamic volume of chitosan molecules in solutions of different organic acids, at different temperatures and ionic strengths. The molecular mass of dextran as determined by the gel filtration and copper bicinchoninate method was approximately, 800 kDa. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! where tr is the column retention time in minutes (2 of 0.9792). Walkenhorst, S.; Olivier, R. (2002). Typically, the hydrodynamic diameter of the micelles is about 100 nm and the critical micelle concentration is about 10 mg/L. J Cosmet Laser Ther. Table1 shows TEWL values measured immediately after the microporation of human and pig skins. The Mark-Houwink parameters and the effect of temperature on them are specifically studied. Differences were considered statistically significant at p <0.05. Dextrans and their derivatives find an interest in clinical applications, as well as excipients in tablets in the pharmaceutical industry [5].